Maldives to Propose Constitutional Amendment to Regulate Foreign Military Presence

The Maldivian government is preparing to introduce a constitutional amendment to ensure foreign troops cannot stay in the country without parliamentary approval. Currently, such approval is required only for establishing foreign military bases. The proposed amendment aims to reinforce sovereignty and address concerns regarding foreign military presence.

Indian troops were first deployed to the Maldives in 2011 under President Mohamed Nasheed through an agreement involving two helicopters provided by India. Initially, the deal intended to include training for Maldivian armed forces. However, later agreements revealed Indian troops were stationed to operate and maintain these helicopters while enjoying diplomatic immunity.

During President Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom’s tenure, there were calls for the withdrawal of Indian troops. Although his government canceled their visas, India refused to withdraw its soldiers and helicopters. Furthermore, India allegedly supported opposition leaders to undermine Yameen’s administration.

In December 2018, days after President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih assumed office, the Indian Embassy requested the renewal of helicopter agreements. On January 2, 2019, Defense Minister Mariya Ahmed Didi signed the agreements, renewing India’s troop presence. The arrangement did not include training Maldivian soldiers, contrary to earlier commitments.

Indian troops remained stationed in the Maldives for various operations, including helicopter and Dornier aircraft maintenance and engineering tasks. Despite public outcry, Solih’s administration kept the number of Indian soldiers in the Maldives a closely guarded secret.

President Mohamed Muizzu fulfilled a campaign promise by overseeing the withdrawal of Indian troops. The final contingent left the Maldives on May 9, 2024. Muizzu reaffirmed his administration's dedication to maintaining friendly relations while ensuring no compromises to the country’s sovereignty. The proposed amendment reflects the government's commitment to transparency and control over foreign military agreements.